Bring the peas, ham, thyme, 1 tsp salt, and water to simmer in a large pot. Cover and cook for 1 hour.
Stir in the carrots, onions, celery and potatoes. Continue to simmer until the peas have softened, about 30 minutes. (Optional, saute carrots, onions, celery and potatoes in 1 Tbsp olive oil over high heat for 8-10 minutes until browned, then add the garlic cloves and saute for 1 more minute, before adding everything to the pot. This adds a little nuttiness to the flavor, but is not necessary for a great soup.)
Remove the ham shank, chop, and add back to the soup. Continue to simmer for 10 minutes. Stir in the lemon juice (optional), season with salt and pepper, and serve with a crusty bread!
You can leave out the ham altogether for a still tasty dish. If you do so, I would add more salt liberally and perhaps 1/2 tsp of ground cumin for additional flavor.
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